Structural features of the classification of toponyms of Australia and Oceania

This article assesses the role of geographical and social factors that influenced toponyms currently officially fixed on maps Australia Oceania. It is noted fundamental reason for naming Oceania desire speakers different languages to leave a memory themselves maps. The names largest number Australian place were given by first settlers — navigators discoverers. A significant them are English names. Among least common extralinguistic influencing formation toponyms, vital objects natives stand out. instability such in language noted. Such mostly descriptive. Due wide field research activities, unified universal classification has not yet been developed. analyzes classifications existing linguistics proposes its own based practical material from main criteria highlighting structural elements presence or absence word-formation elements, many which typical sphere toponymy. large group formed phrases, authors subdivide depending components. Particular attention paid use as part toponym, well graphic signs. presented also makes it possible judge lexical system general literary language.